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26 Jul 2026, 13:27

Shayan Oveisgharan, an Iranian computer science researcher and professor at the University of Washington, has received the 2026 Abacus Medal from the International Mathematical Union; an award given for outstanding achievements by young researchers in the field of mathematical computer science.

The committee for this award states that Oveisgharan has expanded the analysis of algorithms by introducing tools from branches such as polynomial geometry, probability theory, and spectral graph theory, opening new pathways to solve several longstanding problems in computer science.

His research has particularly focused on two areas: finding near-optimal paths and random sampling from very large and complex sets.

The Abacus Medal is awarded every four years and continues an award that was known as the Rolf Nevanlinna Prize until 2018. Nominees for this award must not have reached the age of 40 at the beginning of the year of the International Congress of Mathematicians. This award is considered one of the most significant international honors in theoretical computer science.

However, the importance of Oveisgharan's work cannot be fully understood just by listing technical terms. A significant part of his scientific journey relates to one of the most famous questions in computer science: how can one find the shortest possible route for traveling among several cities and ultimately return to the starting point?

This question, known as the "Traveling Salesman Problem," appears simple at first glance. A salesperson, driver, or delivery agent must pass through several cities or destinations, visit each one once, and return to the starting point. As the number of destinations increases, the number of possible routes grows so rapidly that examining all of them becomes practically impossible.

In such cases, researchers seek an algorithm that can find a path close to the best route within a reasonable time, with a guarantee that the result will not be worse than a certain threshold.
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